Phylogenetic Classification of Ecdysozoa
Guide to levels:
The Arthropoda are extremely diverse and their taxonomy extraordinarily
complex and controversial. Therefore, the labels applied to each
level of the hierarchy are quite unstable. The lowest level in
the
table below is order, and the highest, phylogenetic groupings of
phyla.
Levels in between may be phylum, subphylum, superclass, class,
subclass,
or even infraclass, depending on the number of indentations between
highest
and lowest levels. Since many different systems are favored by
different zoologists, the system listed below is not required for ZO
402, but is simply one way to organize arthropod diversity.
Cycloneuralia
(This is probably not a monophyletic group, since the Panarthropoda
must be closer to one or two of these phyla than to the rest. There is
no consensus among zoologists about ecdysozoan phylogeny.)
Panarthropoda
-
Arthropoda
-
Chelicerata
-
Pycnogonida (considered a separate subphylum by some)
-
Merostomata
-
Arachnida
-
Aranea
-
Solpugida
-
Palpigrada
-
Uropygi
-
Amblipygida
-
Schizomida
-
Ricinuleida
-
Opiliones
-
Scorpionida
-
Pseudoscorpionida
the next three groups correspond to the former "Acari"
-
Acariformes
-
Parasitiformes
-
Opilioacariformes (= Notostigmata)
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
(Crustacean classifications vary enormously among authors and sources.
This is a compromise between recent classifications.)
-
Remipedia
- Anostraca
- Diplostraca
- Phyllopoda (Cladocera)
- Laevicaudata
- Spinicaudata
- Notostraca
- Cephalocarida
(next five classes often combined into
"class Maxillopoda")
- Mystacocarida
- Tantulocarida
- Ostracoda
- Cirripedia
- Copepoda
-
Calanoida
-
Cyclopoida
-
Harpacticoida
-
Platycopioida
-
Monstrilloida
-
Misophrioida
-
Gelyelloida
-
Mormoniloida
-
Siphonostomatoida
-
Poecilostomatoida
-
Pentastomida (placed within Copepoda by some)
-
Branchiura
-
Malacostraca
-
Leptostraca
- Stomatopoda
- Syncarida
- Thermosbaenacea
- Decapoda
-
Euphausiacea
-
Amphionidacea
(next 7 orders are a monophyletic subgroup
called Peracarida)
-
Amphipoda
-
Isopoda
-
Mictacea
-
Mysidacea
-
Tenaida
-
Cumacea
-
Spelaeogriphacea
-
Myriapoda
-
Chilopoda
-
Scutigeromorpha
-
Lithobiomorpha
-
Scolopendromorpha
-
Geophilomorpha
-
Diplopoda
-
Pselaphognatha
-
Limacomorpha
-
Oniscomorpha
-
Colobognatha
-
Juliforma
-
Ascospermomorpha
-
Polydesmoida
-
Symphyla
-
Pauropoda
- Hexapoda
- Insecta
- Archaeognatha (Microcoryphia)
hemimetabolous orders - "palaeopterans"
paurometabolous orders - orthopteroids and hemipteroids
-
Isoptera
-
Dermaptera
-
Plecoptera
-
Zoraptera
-
Grylloblatodea
-
Orthoptera
-
Blattodea (= Blattaria)
-
Mantodea
-
Phasmida
-
Embioptera
-
Hemiptera (= suborder Heteroptera, when "Hemiptera" is used to combine
these and the Homoptera into a single order)
-
Homoptera (sometimes a suborder of Hemiptera)
-
Psocoptera
-
Mallophaga
-
Anoplura
-
Thysanoptera
holometabolous orders - endopterygotes
-
Neuroptera
-
Megaloptera
-
Coleoptera
-
Trichoptera
-
Lepidoptera
-
Siphonaptera
-
Mecoptera
-
Diptera
-
Hymenoptera
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Last modified on April 7, 2002