NCSU Course ZO410 Lecture:
Orientation and Migration

Orientation= all the reactions that guide an animal into the correct posture, or proper habitat, or on migration

Simple Orientation:

  • Kinesis: random activity

    •     - wood lice
  • Taxis: directed toward or away from particular stimulus

    •     - positive or negative (phototaxis, etc)

    Long-distance Orientation:

  •  navigation=  using various cues to determine position in reference to goal

    •     1) Piloting: landmarks
        2) Compass Orientation: no landmarks, direct to geographical location
        3) "True" Navigation: no landmarks, compensate for displacement
     

    How do animals navigate?


    MIGRATION

    = movement of animals away from an area and the subsequent return to that area
    - usually between feeding and breeding grounds
    - short or long distances
        - examples
     
  • Timing of Migration

    •     - internal clock
        - preparation stage: fat deposition, Zugunruhe
        - neuroendocrine
     
  • Costs of Migration

    •     -energy
        -predation
        -inhospitable terrain
        -unstable weather
        -relinquish territories
     
  • Benefits of Migration

    •     -energy profit
        -reproductive profit
    End of Lecture-Migration/Navigation subsite. Move to: ZO 410's Course Homesite.
    Original author thissubsite (lman.html)= calswww@ncsu.edu, originally posted 7-95 under direction of Dr. John G. Vandenbergh. Updated 10-18-01 by M.Dean.